Wrench.



G. G. WINSLO W.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 10, 1908.

Patented July 13,1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. 0. WINSLOW.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 10, 1908.

Patented Jul ls, 1909.

2 SHEBTS-SEEBT 2.

f \f \f 17 a /0 M 7:1 4-. V m 47 AAW? mid GEORGE O. WIN SLOW, OFKALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 13, 1909.

Application filed November 10, 1908. Serial No. 461,897.

To all whom it may concern:

ie it known that I, Grouse C. Vrnsnow, a citizen of the United States,residing at Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo county, Michigan, have invented cm-tainnew and useful improvements in Wrenches, of which the fol lowing is aspecification.

This invention relates to in'iprovements in wrenches.

The main objects of this invention are: First, to provid an improvedwrench which can be easily and quickly adjusted to the work, has a verysecure hold upon the work, and, at the same time, is readily disengagedtherefrom. Second, to provide an improved pipe wrench which has a verysecure hold upon the work, and, at the same time, one which can berapidly manipulated without re-adjustment for each strore. Third, toprovide an improved wrench which is very strong and capable ofwithstanding heavy lateral strains. Fourth, to provide an improvedwrench in which the parts are easily assembled without the use of tools,thereby permitting the change of handles,tha t is, handles of differentlengths,and the substitution or renewal of parts as occasion mayrequire.

Further objects, and objects relating to structural details, willdefinitely appear from the detailed description to follow.

I accomplish the objects of my invention by the devices and meansdescribed in the following specification.

The invention is clearly defined and pointed out in the claims.

A structure embodying the features of my invention is clearlyillustrated in the accompanying drawing, forming a part of thisspecification, in which,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved wrench. Fig. 2 is a frontelevation thereof. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail, partially inlongitudii'ial section, on a line corresponding to line 33 of Fig. 2.Fig. 4t a cross section, on a line corresponding to line l st of Fig. 3.Fig. 5 is a detail view, partially in longitudinal section, of amodilied construction. Fig. 6 is a detail section, on a linecorresponding to line 6-6 of Fig. 5

In the drawing, the sectional views are taken looking in the directionof the little arrows at the ends of the section lines, and similarreference numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawing, the lever-like handle 1 is provided with a jaw2 on its forward end. The handle is also provided with anupwaidly-projecting head 3 at its forward end and with a. curved bearingsurface a on its rear edge and preferably with a curved bearing surface5 on its forward edge, the bearings a and 5 being substantiallyconcentric. The head 3 is preferably provided with forwardly-curvedbearing surfaces 6 for the shank 7 of the movable jaw 8. The head isalso preferably provided with an upwardlyirojecting lug 9 locatedcentrally to engage the longitudinal groove 10 in the inner edge of theshank 7, the forward edge of the shank being adapted to rest on thebearing 6. The shank is threaded to receive the adjusting nut 11.

The handle and shank are connected by a loop-like link 12 having a crosspiece 13 and a bearing surface 14 adapted to engage the bearing surfaceat on the rear edge of the handle, the cross piece being disposedbetween the jaw shank 7 and the handle, as clearly appears from thedrawing. The link is also preferably provided with a bearing surface 15at its front end with which the bearing surface 5 on the forward edge ofthe handle has sliding bearing contact, the hearings 14 and 15 beingsubstantially concern tric. The link is also provided with pipeengagingsurfaces 16 on its forward edges, which engage the pipe as the wrench isad j usted thereon, so that, on the forward movement of the handle, thejaw is thrown from the links into engagement with the pipe, and, on therearward movement of the handle, the jaw is retracted into the link,thereby freeing the pipe.

The link 12 is preferably provided with a forwardly-projecting oroverhanging portion 17 which engages the bearing surface 18 providedtherefor on the rear edge of the jaw shank 7, which bearing surface islo eated in front of the bearings for the for ward edge of the shank onthe handle head, thereby supporting and strengthening the shank welltoward the aw and also causing the movable jaw to tilt forwardly intoclamping engagement with the work, the shank fulcruming upon the handlebearing head 6. To retain the nut 11 and also to support the parts whenlateral strain is placed thereon 1 preferably provide the handle with anupwardly-projectiug lug 19 adapted to engage the groove 10 in the shankat the rear of the nut. This construction and arrangement of the partsenables them to withstand very heavy strains and further they are formedso as to secure a maximum of strength for the amount of ma:

tcrial used. The parts can be readily assembled without the aid oftools.

If desired, different lengths of handles may be provided and these canbe quickly interchanged by the workman, as it is only necessary to turnthe nut to free the shank when the parts are all freed.

In my improved wrench a very strong gripping action is secured, and, atthe same time, the wrench is readily released, it being practicallyimpossible that it shall become stuck or wedged upon the work, as in therearward movement of the handle, the jaw 2 is retracted within the link,thereby freeing the wrench.

The wrench is quickly adjusted to the work, it only being necessary toturn up the nut 11 until the jaw S and the contacting surfaces 16 of thelink are in loose contact with the work. On the forward movement of thehandle, the jaw 2 is thrown into engagement with the work, and, as themovement continues, the tilting of the shank 7 causes the jaws tofurther clamp the work so that the engagen'ient is very effective,although, as previously stated, the wrench is easily released.

The cross piece 13 serves not only as a fulcruni or bearing for thehandle, but also serves to brace the link, further strengthening thestructure.

\Vith the parts thus arranged, the nut i1 is conveniently located sothat it can be conveniently grasped and the strain on the threads in useis con'iparatively slight, so that they are not distorted, therebyaffecting the adjustn'ient. This also secures a continuous bearing forthe nut, so that it is not likely to be burred in use and is supportedin the most effective manner.

In the modification shown in Figs. 5 and 6, my wrench is adapted forwhat is commonly designated as bright work,-that is, work which it isdesired to handle without marring. The aws 20 and 21 are without teethand are preferably provided with facings or shoes and 23 of rubber, orfabric. The clamping action is substantially the same in this as in thestructure previously described, so that pipes may be efiectively heldwithout likelihood of marring the surfaces. The shoe or facing 22 ispreferably secured by means of a pin 24 arranged in the aw so that thehandle can be slipped into the link, as before described. In thisstructure, the head is slightly modified, the projecting lug 9 beingomitted. As other modifications will themselves to those skilled in theart to which this invention relates, I have not -I claim new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination with a handle having concentrically-curved bearingson its front and rear edges and a head having a forwardly-curved bearingsurface and an up wardly-projecting lug on its back, of a aw shankhaving a bearing surface on its front edge adapted to rest on saidbearing surface on the back of said head, a bearing surface on its rearedge, and a longitudinal groove adapted to receive said lug on saidhead; jaws carried by said handle and shank; a loop-like link adapted toreceive said handle and jaw shank, having a cross piece disposed betweenthe same, said cross piece being provided with a curved bearing toengage said bearing on the rear edge of said handle, said link beingprovided with a bearing surface adapted to engage said bearing on theforward edge of said handle with a sliding contact and with anoverhanging portion arranged to engage the bearing surface on the rearedge of said shank at a point in advance of the bearing point of saidshank on said head, said link being also provided with a pipe-engagingsurface on its forward edge whereby said jaw carriedby said handle isretracted into the link on the rearward movement of said handle; anadjusting nut threaded upon said shank at the rear of said link andarranged to bear against the rear edge thereof and of said cross piece;and an upwardly-projecting lug 011 said handle at the rear of said nutadapted to engagesaid groom in said jaw shank.

2. The combination with a handle having concentrically-curved bearingson its front and rear edges and a head having a for wardly-curvedbearing surface and an upwardly-projecting lug on its back; of a jawshank having a bearing surface on its front edge adapted to rest on saidbearing surface on the back of said head, a bearing surface on its rearedge, and a longitudinal groove adapted to receive said lug on saidhead; jaws carried by said handle and shank; a loop-like link adapted toreceive said handle and jaw shank, having a cross piece disposed betweenthe same, said cross piece being provided with a curved bearing toengage said bearing on the rear edge of said handle, said link beingprovided with a bearing surface adapted to engage said bearing on theforward edge of said handle with i a. sliding contact and with anoverhanging portion arranged to engage the bearing surface on the rearedge of said shank at a point in advance of the bearing point of saidshank on said head; an adjusting nut threaded upon said shank at therear of said link and arranged to bear against the rear edge thereof andof said cross piece; and an upwardly-projecting lug on said handle atthe rear of said nut adapted to engage said groove in said jaw shank.

3. The combination with a handle having eoiuzentrically-curved bearingson its front and rear edges and a head having a bearing surface on itsback; of a jaw shank having a barring surface on its front edge adaptedto rest on said bearing surface on the back of said head and a bearingsurface on its rear edge; aws carried by said handle and shank; aloop-like link adapted to receive said handle and jaw shank, having across piece disposed between the same, said cross piece being providedwith a curved bearing to engage said bearing on the rear edge of saidhandle, said link being provided with a bearing surface adapted toengage said bearin g on the forward edge of said handle with a slidingcontact and with an overhanging portion arranged to engage the bearingsurface on the rear edge of said shank at a point in advance of thebearing point of said shank on said head, said link being also providedwith a pipeengaging surface on its forward edge whereby said jaw carriedby said handle is retracted into the link on the rearward. movement ofsaid handle; and an adjusting nut threaded upon said shank at the rearof said link.

l. The combination with a handle having (:OnCGnt]iCitllY-CHI'VGClhearings on its front and rear edges and a head having a bearing surfaceon its back; of a jaw shank having a bearing surface on its front edgeadapted to rest on said bearing surface on the back of said head and abearing surface on its rear edge; jaws carried by said handle and shank;a looplike link adapted to receive said handle and jaw shank, having across piece disposed between the same, said cross piece being providedwith a curved bearing to engage said bearing on the rear edge of saidhandle, said link being provided with a bearing surface adapted toengage said hear ing on the forward edge of said handle with a slidingcontact and withan overhanging portion arranged to engage the bearingsurface on the rear edge of said shank at a point in. advance of thebearing point of said shank on said head; and an adjusting nut threadedupon said shank at the rear of said link.

5. The combination with a handle having concentricallvcurved hearings onits front and rear edges and a head having a bearing surface on itsback; of a jaw shank having a bearing surface on its front edge adaptedto rest on said bearing surface on the back of said head; jaws carriedby sald handle and shank; a loop-like link adapted to receive saidhandle and jaw shank, having a cross piece disposed between the same,said cross piece being provided with a curved bearing to engage saidbearing on the rear edge of said handle, said link being provided with abearing surface adapted to engage said bearing on the forward edge ofsaid handle with a sliding contact, said link being also provided with apipe-engaging surface on its forward edge whereby said jaw carried bysaid handle is retracted into the link on the rearward movement of saidhandle; and an adjusting nut threaded upon said shank at the rear ofsaid link.

6. The combination with a handle having eoncentrically-curved bearingson its front and rear edges and a head having a bearing surface on itsback; of a jaw shank having a bearing surface on its front edge adaptedto rest on said bearing surface on the back of said head; jaws carriedby said handle and shank; a loop-like link adapted to receive saidhandle and jaw shank, having a cross piece disposed between the same,said cross piece being provided with a curved bearing to engage saidbearing on the rear edge of said handle, said link being provided with abearing surface adapted to engage said bearing on the forward edge ofsaid handle with a sliding contact; and an adjusting nut threaded uponsaid shank atthe rear of said link.

7. The con'ibination with a handle having a bearing on its rear edge anda head at its forward end, of a jaw shank having a hearing surface onits front edge adapted to rest on the back of said head, a bearingsurface on its rear edge, and a longitudinal groove adapted to receive alug on said head; jaws carried by said handle and shank; a looplike linkadapted to receive said handle and jaw shank having a cross piecedisposed between the same, said cross piece being provided with abearing to engage said bearing on the rear edge of said handle, saidlink being provided with an overhanging portion arranged to engage thebearing surface on the rear edge of said shank at a point in adva nee ofthe bearing point of said shank on said head, said link being alsoprovided with a p1pe-engaging surface on its forward edge whereby saidjaw carried by said handle retracted into the link on the rearwardmovement of said handle; an adji'isting nut threaded upon said shank atthe rear of said link and arranged to bear against the rear edge thereofand of said cross piece; and an upwardly-projecting lug on said handleat the rear of said nut threaded to engage said groove in said jawshank.

8. The combination with a. handle having a bearing on its rear edge anda head at its forward end, of a jaw shank having abearing surface on itsfront edge adapted to rest on the back of said head a bearing surface onits rear edge; jaws carried by said handle and shank; a loop-like linkadapted to receive said handle and jaw shank having a cross piecedisposed between the same, said cross piece being provided with abearing to engage said bearing on the rear edge of said handle said linkbeing provided with an overhanging portion arranged to engage thebearing surface on the rear edge of said shank at a point. in advance ofthe bearing point of said shank on said head, said link being alsoprovided with a pipe-engaging surface on its forward edge whereby saidjaw carried by said handle is retracted into the link on the rearwardmovement of said handle; and an adjusting nut for said shank.

9. The combination with a handle having a bearing on its rear edge and ahead at its forward end of a jaw shank having a bearing surface on itsfront edge adapted to rest on the back of said head, a bearing surfaceon its rear edge, and a longitudinal groove adapted to receive a lug onsaid head; jaws carried by said handle and shank; a loop-like linkadapted to receive said handle and jaw shank having a cross piecedisposed between the same said cross piece being provided with a bearingto engage said bearing on the rear edge of said handle said link beingprovided with an overhanging portion arranged to engage the bearingsurface on the rear edge of said shank at a point in advance of thebearing point of said shank on said head; an adjusting nut threaded uponsaid shank at the rear of said link and arranged to bea against the rearedge thereof and of said cross piece; and an upwardlyprojecting lug onsaid handle at the rear of said nut adapted to engage said groove in sai d jaw shank.

it). The combination with a handle having a bearing on its rear edge anda head at its forward end, of a aw shank having a hearing surface on itsfront edge adapted to rest on the back of said head an inwardly-curvedbearing surface on the rear edge of said handle; jaws carried by saidhandle and shank; a loop-like link adapted to receive said handle andjaw shank having a cross piece disposed between the same, said crosspiece being provided with a curved bearing to engage saidinwardly-curved bearing on the rear edge of said handle said link beingprovided with an overhanging portion arranged to engage the bearingsurface on the rear edge of said shank at a point in advance of thebearing point of said shank on said head; and an adjusting nut for saidshank.

11. The combination with a handle having a bearing on its rear edge anda head at its forward end and an upwardly-projecting lug at its back; ofa jaw shank having a bearing surface on its front edge adapted to reston the back of said head and a longitudinal groove adapted to receivesaid lug on said head; jaws carried by said handle and shank; aloop-like link adapted to receive said handle and jaw shank having across piece disposed between the same, said cross piece being providedwith a bearing to engage said bearing on the rear edge of said handlesaid link being also provided with a pipe-engaging surface on itsforward edge whereby said jaw carried by said handle is retracted intothe link 'on the rearward movement of said handle; an adjusting nutthreaded upon said shank at the rear of said link; and anupwardly-projecting lug on said handle at the rear of said nut adaptedto engage said groove in said aw shank.

12. The combination with a handle having a bearing on its rear edge anda head at its forward end; of a jaw shank having a bearing surface onits front edge adapted to rest on the back of said head and alongitudinal groove adapted to receive a lug on said head; jaws carriedby said handle and shank; a loop-like link adapted to receive saidhandle and jaw shank having a cross piece disposed between the same,said crosspiece being provided with a bearing to engage said bearing onthe rear edge of said handle, said link being also provided with apipe-engaging surface on its forward edge whereby said jaw carried bysaid handle is retracted into the link on the rearward movement of saidhandle; an adjusting nut threaded upon said shank at the rear of saidlink; and an upwardly-projecting lug on said handle at the rear of saidnut adapted to engage said groove in said jaw shank.

13. The combination with a handle having a bearing on its rear edge anda head at its forward end and an upwardly-projecting lug at its back, ofa jaw shank having a bearing surface on its front edge adapted to reston the back of said head and a longitudinal groove adapted to receivesaid lug on said head; jaws carried by said handle and shank; aloop-like link adapted to receive said handle and jaw shank having across piece disposed between the same, said cross piece being providedwith a bearing to engage said bearing on the rear edge of said handle;an adjusting nut threaded upon said shank at the rear of said link; andan upwardly-projecting lug on said handle at the rear of said nutadapted to engage said groove in said jaw shank.

14:. The combination with a handle having a bearing on its rear edge anda head at its forward end; of a jaw shank having a hearing surface onits frontedge adapted to rest on the back. of said head and alongitiulinal groove adapted to receive a lug on said head jaws carriedby said handle and shank; a

loop-like link adapted to receive said handle and jaw shank having across piece disposed between the same, said crosspiece being providedwith a bearing to engage said bearing on the rear edge of said handle;an adj asting nut threaded upon said. shank at the rear of said link;and an upwardlyprojeating lug on said handle at the rear of said nutadapted to engage said groove in said jaw shank.

15. The combination with a handle having an inwardly-curved bearing onits rear edge and a head at its forward end; of a jaw shank having abearing surface on its front edge adapted to rest on the back of saidhead; jaws carried by said handle and shank; a loop-like link adapted toreceive said handle and jaw shank having a cross piece disposed betweenthe same, said cross piece being provided with a curved bearing toengage said inwardlvcnrved bearing on the rear edge of said handle; andan adjusting nut threaded upon said shank at the rear oi said link.

16. The combination with a handle, 01' a threaded jaw shank; a loop-likelink adapted to receive said handle and jaw shank hav ing a, cams-piecedisposed between the same,

said cross piece being provided with a hearing, said handle beingprovided with an upwardly-extending hook-like projection at its forwardend to engage said cross piece; a nut arranged on said shank at the rearof said link; and an upwardly projecting lug on said handle at the rearof said nut.

17. The combination with a handle having a bearing on its rear edge anda head at its forward end of a aw shank having a bearing surface on itsfront edge adapted to rest on the back of said head; jaws carried bysaid handle and shank; a loop-like link adapted to receive said handleand jaw shank having a cross piece disposed between the same, said crosspiece being provided with a bearing to coaot with said bea ring on therear edge of said handle, said bearings constitutii'ig the pivotalmembers of the parts; and an adjusting means for said shank.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal in the presenceof two witnesses.

GEORGE C. VVINSLLWV.

Witnesses CLARA E. BnAnnN F. G. 'TALL'MAN.

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